retention
Districts Weigh Student Retention with Stigma of Being "Held Back"
The Hechinger Report
Elaine Allensworth of the Consortium on Chicago School Research comments on the multiple issues to consider when analyzing the potential effects of social promotion or retention in the grades.
Editorial: Flunking 3rd-graders can do more harm than good
USA TODAY
An editorial on the potential harms of early retention cites a CCSR study on CPS's 1999 retention policy.